Binary option (From Wikipedia)
In finance, a binary option is a type of option where the payoff is either some fixed amount of some asset or nothing at all. The two main types of binary options are the cash-or-nothing binary option and the asset-or-nothing binary option. The cash-or-nothing binary option pays some fixed amount of cash if the option expires in-the-money while the asset-or-nothing pays the value of the underlying security. Thus, the options are binary in nature because there are only two possible outcomes. They are also called all-or-nothing options, digital options (more common in forex/interest rate markets), and Fixed Return Options (FROs) (on the American Stock Exchange). Binary options are usually European-styleoptions.For example, a purchase is made of a binary cash-or-nothing call option on XYZ Corp's stock struck at $100 with a binary payoff of $1000. Then, if at the future maturity date, the stock is trading at or above $100, $1000 is received. If its stock is trading below $100, nothing is received.
In the popular Black-Scholes model, the value of a digital option can be expressed in terms of the cumulative normal distribution function.
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A binary option is a
fixed return option because there are only 2 possible outcomes which are fully realized at the onset of the contract A binary option is a contract which gives the buyer (known as the owner) the right, but not the obligation, to buy an underlying asset at a fixed price within a specified time frame.
The items being traded are known as underlying assets and they could be a range of products: currencies (e.g. USD/JPY), commodities (e.g. Oil, Gold), stocks (e.g. Microsoft, Coca Cola) or indices (e.g. Nasdaq, FTSE 100). The fixed price at which the owner buys or sells at, is known as the strike price.
When trading binary options, the buyer of the option chooses whether he thinks the underlying asset will hit the strike price by the selected expiry time – this could be at the end of the nearest hour or the end of the day, week or month.
The owner places a call option on his binary option trade if he thinks that at the expiry time the option will be higher than the current price. He places a put option if he thinks that at the expiry time the option will be lower than the current price.
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